Tips to Design Earthquake Resistant Buildings
Designing Earthquake Resistant Structures is indispensable. Every year, earthquakes take the lives of thousands of people, and destroy property worth billions of dollars. This loss of life and property can be prevented by using latest techniques and developments in the field of Earthquake Engineering. It is imperative that structures are designed to resist earthquake forces, in order to reduce the loss of life. Structural design plays an important role. What are Earthquake Resistant structures? How do we design them? Which techniques are efficient? Which techniques are practical. you will find out all this in the following report, first published by Mr. Adit V. Warange, under the guidance of Prof. S. K. Joshi. Earthquakes and Natural CalamitiesNatural calamities are the phenomenon which can't be prevented, but we can take precautions. Calamities such as Floods, Cyclones, volcanoes, Tsunamis, Earthquakes, over heat, causes disturbance to our day-to-day life. Science and Technologies are looking forward to counteract these disasters.
CALAMITIESFLOODS: Floods are the natural disaster caused due to overflow of rivers due to heavy rainfall or melting of snow which causes a large destruction in cities and villages.
CYCLONES: A cyclone is a rotating storm that can be a hundreds of kilometers which can be very destructive and it looks like a huge spinning doughnut of clouds. The combination of wind, rain, and waves knock down trees, flatten houses, and wash out roads.
VOLCANOES: Volcanoes are the large openings on the top of a mountain and sometimes on sides, through which melted rocks and gases escape with great forces from Earth's crust.
TSUNAMI: A tsunami is a very long-wavelength wave of water which is generated by a sudden displacement of sea floor or disruption of any body of standing water. Tsunamis occur suddenly, often without any warning, they are extremely dangerous to costal communities.
EARTHQUAKESAn earthquake is the vibration, sometimes violent, of Earth's surface that follows a release of energy in Earth's crust.
Earthquakes are one of the most devastating forces in nature. Vibrations of Earth's surface, caused by seismic waves coming from a source of disturbance in side the Earth is known as Earthquake. Or in other words. "Earthquakes are simply ground oscillations of very large amplitude and rather low frequency. The predominant mode of excitation is horizontal, not vertical as in normal ground-borne noise."
Causes of EarthquakesEarthquakes are caused by active faults, which are, caused by the sudden movement of the two sides of a fault with respect to another. The occurrence of tectonic earthquakes can be explained by the theory of elastic rebound. Which was first advanced by H. B. REID. The motion along the fault is accompanied by the gradual buildup of elastic strain energy within the rock along the fault. The rock stores this strain energy like a giant spring being slowly tightened. Eventually, the strain along the fault exceeds the limit of the rocks at that point to store any additional strain. The fault then ruptures - that is, it suddenly moves a comparatively large distance comparatively short amount of time. The rocky masses which form the two sides of the fault then snap back into a new position. This snapping back into position, upon the release of strain, is the "ELASTIC REBOUND" of Reid's theory. The rupture of fault results in sudden release of the strain energy that has been built up over the years. The most important form which this suddenly released energy takes is that of seismic waves.
Next: Types of Seismic Waves
Home | About Us | Company Profile | Articles | Our Projects | Contact Us
|
